(Arak)
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Shortening the flue makes the air column inside shorter, so the soiund waves are shorter, so the note is higher. Likewise, pulling it out to make it longer, makes the notes flatter.
The accomplished fule palyer uses other methods of altering pitch als, for example to compensate for a flute automatically going sharper as it is played louder, just like a recorder does. A huge advantage flute has over recorder is that the volume can be changed a lot while remaining in tune.
These other means of tuning include how much the embouchure hole is covered by the lip, and the angle at which you blow the air at the flute. These compensations are not possible on a recorder.
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